CLICK HERE FOR A FREE TRADEMARK CONSULT!

Archives for June 2023

How to Trademark a Book Title: An EASY Guide

Book Titles can often qualify for trademark protection.  Also, trademarking a book title is the best way to protect it. So, it is important to know when and how you can trademark a book title.

How to trademark book titles

By Michael Kondoudis, Small Business Trademark Attorney

This is our EASY guide to trademarking a book title.

in this guide, we explore protecting book titles with trademarks, spell out the requirements to trademark a book title, and explain how to trademark a book title.

In fact, this is the information that we use to register book title trademarks for our clients.

So, if you’re ready to learn about protecting book titles with trademarks, then read on. This guide is for you.

Let’s dive in!

Trademark Reg. No. 6,725,825 for the book series NAPPTURLY CUTE CHRONICLES secured by The Law Office of Michael E. Kondoudis

Trademark Reg. No. 6,725,825 secured by The Law Office of Michael E. Kondoudis

I. PROTECTING BOOK TITLES

Can You Legally Protect a Book Title?

Yes, in many circumstances, you can legally protect a book title.  For example, when the title is used for a series of books, it can qualify for federal trademark registration.

Here is the rule:

While an individual book title cannot be trademarked, the name of a series of books can be trademarked. This is because the name of a series of books is considered a brand. So, while you cannot trademark the name of a single book, you can trademark a series of books.

This means that the name of a specific series can be protected under trademark law, but not just one book title on its own.

The Difference Between Trademarking a Single Book and a Series?

The main difference between trademarking a book title and a book series is that while you can’t trademark individual book titles, you can trademark the title for a series of books since it serves the role of a brand. Here are some key points to understand the difference:

 

Trademarking a Book Title

  • Generally, you cannot trademark the name of a stand-alone book title.
  • The USPTO does not consider a the title of a single book title to be a brand.
  • To qualify for a trademark, a book title must be distinctive, unique, and not too similar to an existing trademark.

 

Trademarking a Book Series

  • You can trademark the title for a series of books since it serves the role of a brand.
  • A book series is considered a “brand” by the USPTO, and they are more willing to grant trademark rights to a series.
  • To trademark a book series, you must provide evidence that the series is not just a collection of stand-alone books but an underlying brand.
  • The trademark for a book series must be used as a source identifier for the actual series, which can be distinguished from the individual book titles within the series.

In summary, while you can’t trademark individual book titles, you can trademark the title for a series of books since it serves the role of a brand.

Can You Trademark a Book Title?

The answer is YES, in some circumstances. You can trademark a book name, and many names of books are trademarked! Trademarking the title of your book is the most effective way to protect it and the brand identity you’re building. The book name must be part of a series, however.

Titles such as J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and C. S. Lewis’ The Chronicles of Narnia have been successfully trademarked. to protect their respective authors’ rights over the books in their respective series. 

How Do I Protect My Book Title?

You protect your book title by trademarking it. Trademarking a book title is the best way to protect it. A trademark will protect your book name throughout the U.S. and ensure that it is exclusively yours to use.

You trademark a book title by submitting an application to the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). To qualify for a U.S. trademark for your book title, you will need to show that no one else has already trademarked it and that it is the title or name of a series of books (see below). The USPTO will not register the title of a single book

Want help with your book trademark?  

What is the Best Way to Protect a Book Title?

The best way to protect a book title is to trademark it. Trademarks protect brands, including the titles of a series of books. Trademarking your book name is the most effective way to protect it because a trademark prevents other authors from using the same or similar name for their books.

Also, trademarking your book title is official confirmation from the U.S. Government that you legally own it and comes with the exclusive right to use it.

II. TRADEMARK A BOOK TITLE

Where Do You Trademark a Book Title?

You trademark a boot title by filing an application with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). The USPTO is part of the Department of Commerce and it is the federal agency that administers federal trademarks.

When Should You Trademark a Book Title?

Most authorities agree that the best time to start the process of trademarking a book title is BEFORE publication.

The U.S. is one of the few countries that allow you to apply to protect your book titles before you begin using them. Trademarking early is an opportunity to:
   • reserve a book title and avoid having to change your name later
   • confirm that your book title does not infringe on another book series with a registered trademark
   • complete an important branding task before publication.

How Long Does It Take to Trademark a Book Title?

It takes over 12 months to get a book trademark in most cases. The trademarking process for book names is a legal process that takes about a year. The first step is applying to the USPTO, where an examining attorney examines whether your book title name qualifies for registration. Your book title may not qualify if another restaurant is already using it or has registered it. If the application qualifies, it will be “published for opposition” for 30 days to give potential opponents a chance to oppose.

Trademarking a book title is a legal process that usually takes more than 12 months. So, the sooner you start trademarking your book name, the better.

What Are the Requirements to Trademark a Book Title?

While it may come as a surprise, you can’t actually trademark the title of a single book. However, you can indeed trademark the name of a series of books. This is because trademarks serve as identifiers of goods and services, and a book title for a single book doesn’t fulfill that function.

1. Your book title must be unique: To qualify for a U.S. trademark on your book series title, you must confirm that no one else has already trademarked it. You can do this by conducting a thorough search via the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). Learn how to do a trademark lookup here.

2. You must at least plan to use the book title for a series of works: The USPTO won’t register your title if it’s only used as the title of a single creative work. However, if your trademark is the name or title of a series of creative works, it may register. To complete the registration process, you will eventually need to provide evidence that shows the title is being used for a series.

3. You need to submit your application: Once you have determined that your title is original and available, file an application with the USPTO. You will have to provide the necessary information, supporting documents, and pay a fee.

We make trademarks easy!

How Do You Trademark A Book Title?

You trademark the title of a book by applying to the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) and getting your application approved for registration. Trademarking a book title is a legal process.

Here’s how to start trademarking a book title:

Step 1: Choose a Unique Name
Your book series title should be unique and distinctive to set it apart from others. If your title is too close to another registered trademark, you will not be able to trademark it. Read more about how to pick a strong trademark here.

Step 2: Conduct a Trademark Search
Before applying for a trademark, do your due diligence and check if anyone else has registered or applied to register a similar name and logo. You can conduct a search through the USPTO’s trademark database to avoid any potential conflicts.

Step 3: Gather Required Information and Strategize
Collect all the necessary information, including your book series title, logo, and descriptions of the goods and services you provide. Develop a trademarking strategy that takes into account your target market, budget, and potential challenges. This step will help you streamline the trademarking process and increase the chances of approval.

Step 4: Prepare and File Your Application with the USPTO
Once you have all the required information, prepare your trademark application, and file it with the USPTO (U.S. Patent and Trademark Office). Ensure that the application is filled out correctly and follows the USPTO’s guidelines. You can apply either online or by mail.

Step 5: Navigate the Application Review Process
The USPTO application review process takes several months and requires patience. During this time, the USPTO will examine your application, and if it meets all requirements of the Federal Trademark Statute, it will be granted. However, if the USPTO does not initially grant your application (which happens over 80% of the time), you’ll need to respond to the reasons for the rejection and make necessary adjustments.

Step 6: Use the Correct Trademark Symbol
Once your book series title trademark is registered, don’t forget to use the appropriate trademark symbol (®) on your books, marketing materials, and website. This symbol represents your registered trademark and informs others that the title is legally protected. Read more about trademark symbols here.

The USPTO will grant your application and add your trademark to the list of Federal (registered) trademarks IF your application meets all of the requirements of the Federal Trademark Statute. If the USPTO does not initially grant your application (which happens over 80% of the time), you would need to respond to the reasons for the rejection.

What is the Trademark Class for Books?

The USPTO categorizes all products and services into 45 separate classes. There are two primary classes for books: International Classes 9 and 16. Class 9 is for downloadable books (e.g., kindle), while Class 16 is for paper goods, like printed books. An application to register the title or name of a series of books should be filed in those trademark classes.

The trademark classes for books are International Classes 9 and 16.

III. DO YOU NEED A LAWYER?

Do You Need a Trademark Attorney to Protect a Book Title?

No, but the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office strongly recommends that all applicants work with a trademark attorney.

Remember, the trademarking process is much more than just filling out online forms (that’s the easiest part of the process). The USPTO will only grant your application after meeting all of their many legal and procedural requirements.

Why Should You Work With a Trademark Attorney? 

Filing a trademark application with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office to register your book title starts a legal process that can get complicated, expensive and confusing. Working with a trademark attorney can make the process go smoother, faster, and result in better protection.

Also, studies show that working with a trademark attorney can increase your chances of successfully trademarking your brand by over 50%.

Take the Next Step and Legally 

Own Your Book Title!

Schedule a Free Strategy Call

Take the Next Step Legally Own Your Book Title!

Request a Free Strategy Call

SHARE THIS ARTICLE ON:

SHARE THIS ARTICLE:

Trademark Disclaimer Example: A COMPLETE Guide

A Trademark Disclaimer is an important tool to overcome rejections when a portion of a mark does not qualify for trademark protection. 

By Michael Kondoudis, Small Business Trademark Attorney

This is our COMPLETE guide to trademark disclaimers.

In this guide you’ll learn:

  • The Basics of Trademark Disclaimer
  • When Trademark Disclaimers are Required
  • The Format for Trademark Disclaimers
  • Trademark Disclaimer Examples

So, if you need to learn about Trademark Disclaimers, this guide is for you.

Let’s dive right in!

What is Trademark?

A trademark is a word, phrase, symbol, or design that identifies and distinguishes the source of goods (or services) from those offered by the competition. Trademarks protect brands. Names, words, logos, and phrases are the most common trademarks.

A trademark owner has exclusive rights to use the mark and to prevent competitors from using the mark – or anything confusingly similar.

What Is a Trademark Disclaimer?

Trademark Disclaimer is a statement included in an application or registration that indicates that you do not claim exclusive rights to a portion of your mark. Typically, these unregistrable portions are words that are generic, descriptive, or informational.

A Trademark Disclaimer simply states that you aren’t claiming exclusive rights to use a part of your trademark, usually because that part does not qualify for trademark protection.

A trademark disclaimer is a statement that you put in a trademark application that tells people that you do not claim exclusive rights to a portion of your trademark. Disclaimed portions are usually descriptive, generic, or informational and thus do not qualify for trademark protection.

Stop Worrying About Your Trademark

Schedule a Free Strategy Call

See How My Law Firm Can Help You Protect Your Trademark

New Applications – Legally own your trademark.

Office Actions – We can navigate the trademarking process at the USPTO.

Enforcement – Flex your trademark rights. Stop copycats.

What is the Purpose of a Trademark Disclaimer?

A Trademark Disclaimer tells the public what exactly a trademark owner owns and tells competitors what they can and cannot use in their marks. A Trademark Disclaimer also allows the USPTO to register trademarks that include parts that do not qualify for trademark protection.

For example, if your company’s name contains the word “bread” and you sell bread, you must disclaim that word. This tells the public and your competitors that they can use the word “bread” in their trademarks and not get sued for trademark infringement.

When Do You Make a Trademark Disclaimer?

A disclaimer may be included in an application as filed or may be added during the examination of a trademark application, especially to comply with a requirement by the examining attorney.

What is the Format for a Trademark Disclaimer?

A Trademark Disclaimer is a disclaimer of some legal rights. it is an important statement that has a standard format.

 

For Word-Based Trademarks

The typical format for a Trademark Disclaimer for a word-based mark is:

No claim is made to the exclusive right to use “[the disclaimed portion]” apart from the mark as shown.

 

For Design Trademarks

The format for a Trademark Disclaimer in a logo is:

No claim is made to the exclusive right to use the design of “[the disclaimed portion]” apart from the mark as shown.

We make trademarks easy!

Trademark Disclaimer Examples

Trademark Disclaimer Example: General Motors

Trademark Disclaimer Example

General Motors

Trademark Reg. No. 1,223,115 for GENERAL MOTORS includes this Trademark Disclaimer:

No claim is made to the exclusive right to use “Motors” apart from the mark as shown.

Trademark Disclaimer Example: Starbucks Coffee

Trademark Disclaimer Example

Starbucks Coffee

Trademark Reg. No. 2,266,351 for STARBUCK’S COFFEE & Design includes this Trademark Disclaimer:

No claim is made to the exclusive right to use coffee apart from the mark as shown.

Trademark Disclaimer Example: Gold’s Gym

Trademark Disclaimer Example

Gold’s Gym

Trademark Reg. No. 3,316,556 for GOLD’S GYM & Design includes this Trademark Disclaimer:

No claim is made to the exclusive right to use gym apart from the mark as shown.

Trademark Disclaimer Example

To give you a better idea of how trademark disclaimers work, let’s look at an example. Imagine that you own a coffee shop named “BUCKSTAR’S COFFEE.” In that case, the USPTO would require a trademark disclaimer like this:

No claim is made to the exclusive right to use “COFFEE” apart from the mark as shown.

This declaration simply states that you aren’t claiming exclusive rights to the word “coffee” as part of your trademark.

When is a Trademark Disclaimer Required?

According to the USPTO, a Trademark Disclaimer is required when a portion of a trademark does not qualify for registration.  A disclaimer may be necessary in any of the following situations:

  • Merely descriptive: When aspects of the trademark merely describe a product’s feature, ingredient, or function.
  • Laudatory words: When terms are included that claim a superior quality.
  • Generic: When common names or designs of services and goods are present in the trademark.
  • Geographic: When words or designs describe a product or service’s origin.
  • Business type designations: When labels specify a business structure or type.
  • Merely informational: When words provide information about a brand, product, or service.

A Trademark Disclaimer can be submitted with a new trademark application or added during the application review process. 

Can You Disclaimer All of Your Trademark?

No. You may not disclaim the entire mark.

A Trademark Disclaimer allows the USPTO to register a trademark that includes a portion that does not qualify for trademark protection because it is descriptive, generic, or merely informational, for example.

If you disclaim your whole mark, there would be nothing to register.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What is an example of a trademark disclaimer statement?

A trademark disclaimer statement follows this accepted format:

No claim is made to the exclusive right to use [THE DISCLAIMED WORD] apart from the mark as shown.

So, for the name “Delicious Breads,” the disclaimer would look like this:

No claim is made to the exclusive right to use ‘BREAD’ apart from the mark as shown.

2. What is a disclaimer of words in a trademark?

A trademark disclaimer is a statement that you put in a trademark application that says that you do not claim exclusive rights to a portion of your trademark. Disclaimed portions are usually descriptive, generic, or informational and thus do not qualify for the exclusive rights that come with trademark protection.

3. Does a trademark disclaimer change a trademark?

No, a trademark disclaimer is just a statement added to a trademark registration that an unregistrable portion of the mark is free for others to use. A disclaimer does not remove the unregistrable portion from a mark, affect the appearance of the mark, or alter the way you use it. 

Take the Next Step and Legally 

Own Your Trademark

Schedule a Free Strategy Call

Take the Next Step Legally Own Your Trademark

Request a Free Strategy Call

SHARE THIS ARTICLE ON:

SHARE THIS ARTICLE:

TRUMP TOO SMALL: An Easy Guide

TRUMP TOO SMALL Trademark and Supreme Court

By Michael Kondoudis, Small Business Trademark Attorney

This is our EASY guide to the TRUMP TOO SMALL trademark. If you need to quickly learn the history, issues, and questions raised by this trademark case, read on.  This post is for you.

Let’s jump in!

The Background of TRUMP TOO SMALL

During the 2016 presidential campaign, Donald Trump and his then-rival, Sen. Marco Rubio, engaged in a series of heated exchanges on the campaign trail. Trump often taunted Rubio by calling him “Little Marco,” and in response, Rubio critiqued the size of Trump’s hands at a campaign stop.

In 2018, Steve Elster applied to register the trademark “TRUMP TOO SMALL” with the intention of using it on shirts.

Trump too small shirt

The TRUMP TOO SMALL Trademark Application

The trademark application for TRUMP TOO SMALL was filed with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office on January 10, 2018.  The trademark application for TRUMP TOO SMALL was assigned serial number 87749230.

The Status of the TRUMP TOO SMALL Trademark

The USPTO (United States Patent and Trademark Office) refused Mr. Elster’s application to register the mark, citing the Federal Trademark Statute. The refusal was primarily based on the fact that Mr. Elster did not obtain written permission from President Trump. Later on, the USPTO also denied the registration based on the grounds that it would falsely suggest a connection with a living individual.

Mr. Elster appealed the rejection to the USPTO’s Trademark Trial and Appeal Board, which ultimately refused registration. An appeals court reversed, holding that

In a surprising turn of events, a Court of Appeals reversed this decision. The Court held that the Trademark Statute’s restrictions unconstitutionally limited Mr. Elster’s free speech rights, especially since the mark contained criticism of a government official or public figure. It also found that the government has no interest in protecting the publicity rights of such a public figure. Thus, the refusal violated the First Amendment, according to the Court of Appeals.

Currently, the application for TRUMP TOO SMALL is suspending pending appeal.

Trademark Registration and the USPTO

The Supreme Court has held that federal registration of a trademark serves to bolter the “rights of exclusion” by giving owners “additional protections against infringers.”

The USPTO (United States Patent and Trademark Office) is the government agency that administers and registers trademarks.

To enjoy the enhanced “rights of exclusion, a person who uses or plans to use a trademark in commerce must apply to register the mark with the USPTO. Once approved, the USPTO issues a certificate of registration “in the name of the United States of America.”

The USPTO can only register trademarks that satisfy the statutory criteria

The Statutory Criteria for Trademark Registration 

 The statutory criteria for trademarks is the Lanham Act (15 U.S.C. § 1052). The Lanham Act is the federal trademark statute of the United States. 

What Does the Lanham Act Say?

The Lanham Act instructs the USPTO to refuse the registration of a mark that consists of or includes the name of a particular – UNLESS that living individual provides their written consent.

The Lanham Act reads as follows:

No trademark by which the goods of the applicant may be distinguished from the goods of others shall be refused registration on the principal register on account of its nature unless it—

(a) Consists of or comprises immoral, deceptive, or scandalous matter; or matter which may disparage or falsely suggest a connection with persons, living or dead, institutions, beliefs, or national symbols, or bring them into contempt, or disrepute; or a geographical indication which, when used on or in connection with wines or spirits, identifies a place other than the origin of the goods and is first used on or in connection with wines or spirits by the applicant on or after one year after the date on which the WTO Agreement (as defined in section 3501(9) of title 19) enters into force with respect to the United States.

*  *  *  *  *

(c) Consists of or comprises a name, portrait, or signature identifying a particular living individual except by his written consent, or the name, signature, or portrait of a deceased President of the United States during the life of his widow, if any, except by the written consent of the widow.

*  *  *  *  *

What is the Supreme Court?

The Supreme Court is the highest court of the United States and is responsible for interpreting the Constitution and federal laws. It is established by the U.S. Constitution and consists of nine justices who are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate.

The Supreme Court has the power of judicial review, which means it can declare laws or executive actions unconstitutional if they violate the Constitution. The Court hears cases on appeal from lower federal courts and state courts, as well as cases in which a state is a party.

The decisions of the Supreme Court have far-reaching impacts on American law and society, and often set precedents that shape future legal disputes. The Court’s rulings are considered final and cannot be appealed except in rare cases.

Why is the Supreme Court Hearing This Case?

The U.S. Supreme Court decided to review this case for several reasons.

1. The Court of Appeals decision in favor of Mr. Elster, in essence, invalidated parts of a 75-year-old federal statute. The Supreme Court regularly reviews lower court decisions that hold federal statutes invalid, especially on First Amendment Grounds.

2. The case presents an opportunity for the Court to resolve the question of whether the Lanham Act, the United States trademark statute, is a restriction on free speech or a condition on a government benefit (the benefits of registration).

3. The Court of Appeals was probably wrong. The refusal to register the TRUMP TOO SMALL trademark does not prevent Mr. Elster from any speech. He remains free to use the mark and speak his mind. He just cannot enjoy the benefits that come with federal registration of his mark.  

When Will The Supreme Court Hear This Case?

The Supreme Court will hear this case during the next term 2023-24 and decide it next year.